This article is one in a series offering tips on boating skills and seamanship prepared for The Citizen by the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary.

Whether you're making a lengthy cruise in your family boat or perhaps just a weekend or a short day's run, the prudent skipper knows the importance of advance planning.

A boat used very little over a period of weeks rates a thorough inspection and, more than likely, some preventive maintenance. Even if a boat has been used a great deal, it also should be given a compete one-over before undertaking a long trip, with any repairs or needed maintenance attended to before shoving off.

Catching up with potential breakdowns in the mechanical ignition and cooling systems ahead of time, fixing them before they happen, makes the difference between a memorable cruise and a disastrous experience. The secret of boating safety, says the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, is keeping out of trouble, rather than getting out of trouble once you get into it.

A practical plan to help ensure an enjoyable outing is to inspect, repair as needed, then take your boat out on a short #“shake down#” cruise to make certain it is in good working order.

An advance cruise planning checklist includes availability and proper numbers of approved personal flotation devices (PFDs). Make certain that signaling devices are aboard, particularly flares and a horn. Check the fire extinguishers to make sure they are in working order. Get an Auxiliary free vessel safety check.

Engines, whether inboard or outboard, should be inspected, lubricated and run for a short time at the dock for a check on possible overheating. A steady flow of cooling water should be expelled from the engine exhaust ports.

Once assured the cooling system is functioning properly, check fuel lines, cylinder heads and exhaust manifolds against leaks. Inspect engine wiring and connections for any possible damage. Make repairs as needed and do not postpone.

Then turn to the vessel's steering system. If its operation is stiff, lubrication is indicated. If there is no steering, it likely means broken cables.

Once your careful inspection, maintenance and #“shake down#” run confirms that your boat is ship-shape for your cruise plans, the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary offers some additional suggestions that can help make the trip safer and more pleasurable.

For instance, know your boat's limitations. Avoid taking a very long trip, with your wife and a couple of kids aboard an 18-footer designed for day cruising. Also, make certain you are carrying adequate fuel, fresh water and other necessities for a long cruise. Determine ahead of time your approximate speed, estimated arrival time and the amount of fuel required. Carry a fuel kit and critical spare parts in the event of engine trouble.

Before casting off, make sure the weather is in your favor. Leave a float plan with your local marina or a neighbor, giving full details of your trip plans - where you are going, when you expect to return and a full description of your boat.

Advance planning is the secret to a successful cruise, and careful attention to the smallest details helps ensure a safe, enjoyable trip.

John E. Keshishoglou is the commander of Ithaca Flotilla 22